Heat oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add onions, carrots and parsnips; cook until onions are translucent, stirring occasionally, about 5 minutes. Add garlic to center of the pot and sauté for 30 seconds.

Add farro, and stir until farro is coated in oil, about 1 minute. Add broth, tomatoes, salt, basil, red pepper flakes, and bay leaves. Bring to a boil. Cover and reduce to simmer. Cook for 20 minutes. Add kale and more water if needed. Recover and cook 10 minutes. Add beans and more water if needed. Recover and cook 10 minutes.

Check farro texture and soup flavor. Continue cooking, if needed, to get farro to your preferred texture. Serve and top with fresh-grated parmesan cheese and parsley if desired.